Although these models differ to some extent, there are plenty of common threads. First and foremost, communication – about well-defined goals and what it will take to reach those goals - is at the heart of any successful change initiative. “It’s all about transparent communication and that can look differently depending on the organization, depending on the survey, depending on the purpose,” says Scott Gebhardt, Head of Employee Listening, Citi. “When it comes to change, the uncertainty of the future can be incredibly stressful. You can't always share everything from the top down, but you have to communicate what's going on, what we know, what we don’t know, and how it impacts them. The sense of empathy employees gather through the communication coming from top leaders is very important.”